APA Guidelines for Working with Adults
with Complex Trauma Histories
DIVISION 56 (TRAUMA PSYCHOLOGY) OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION
AND THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF TRAUMA AND DISSOCIATION (ISSTD)
APPROVED BY APA COUNCIL OF REPRESENTATIVES
AUGUST 2024
Project Contributors
Christine A. Courtois, PhD, ABPP (chair)
Paul Frewen, PhD, C. Psych (co-chair)
Peter M. Barach, PhD
Bethany Brand, PhD
James Chu, MD
Marylene Cloitre, PhD
Constance Dalenberg, PhD
Nel Draijer, PhD
Victoria Follette, PhD
Julian D. Ford, PhD
Judith L. Herman, MD
Philip Kinsler, PhD
Ibrahim Kira, PhD
Andreas Laddis, MD
Ruth Lanius, MD, PhD
Sandra Paivio, PhD, C. Psych
Laurie A. Pearlman, PhD
Nnamdi Pole, PhD
Francine Shapiro, PhD
Joseph Spinazzola, PhD
Kathy Steele, RN, MSN
Joan A. Turkus, MD
With the assistance of
Ben Bao, PhD
Shannon Beattie, MPH
Alisa Breetz, PhD
Jenney Zhu, BA